market share of small ruminants compared to that of other food-producing animals, such as cattle.
The limited number of FDA-approved antiparasitic drugs for small ruminants may be due to this high investment of time and money, combined with the relatively small U.S. Small Market but Great NeedĪ drug company typically spends many years and millions of dollars to develop a new drug for animals, get it approved by FDA, and on the market. Widespread antiparasitic resistance threatens the health of small ruminants and can result in production losses for producers. After an animal is treated with an antiparasitic drug, the susceptible parasites die and the resistant parasites survive to pass on resistance genes to their offspring. 2Īntiparasitic resistance is the genetic ability of parasites to survive treatment with an antiparasitic drug that was generally effective against those parasites in the past. But recent scientific evidence shows that eliminating all parasites from a flock or herd is not sustainable due to the inevitable development of antiparasitic resistance. Combining highly effective antiparasitic drugs with the practice of simultaneously treating all animals in a flock or herd-a practice still common today-can result, at first, in an almost 100 percent parasite kill rate. veterinarians and small ruminant producers were able to easily, cheaply, and safely treat entire groups of sheep and goats for parasites with high initial effectiveness. With the approval of ivermectin in 1984 1 and other macrocyclic lactones in the following years, U.S. Unfortunately, roundworms in small ruminants are increasingly becoming resistant to antiparasitic drugs worldwide. Gastrointestinal nematode parasites, commonly called roundworms, can cause serious illness in these animals. Sheep and goats, collectively referred to as small ruminants, are an important source of meat, milk, and wool for people throughout the world.
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